suhail jalbout
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Origin of Our Cosmos
By Suhail Jalbout
The greatest mystery that provokes thought in mankind is the origin of our universe. For thousands of years philosophers and scientists have tried to find an answer to this conundrum but without unanimity of opinions. The most prevailing cosmological description for the origin of our universe is the Big Bang theory. However, it not clear as to how the Big Bang black hole (BBBH) came about initially nor the origin of its contents. Matter and energy must have existed prior to the formation of the BBBH otherwise it could not exist.
I believe that the initial step to understanding the origin of our universe commences by answering this question: does void exist? The answer is mandatory to figure out what existed before the universe was there. If space (where a universe forms) was empty, then where did matter and energy come from? How can nothingness produce a universe? On the other hand, if matter and energy existed in the space, then it is possible for a universe to be created.
Man created vacuum. This was performed in laboratories, in the production of equipment used in different applications, and in manufactured consumable items such as incandescent light bulbs. He was able to perform these tasks only because matter (material) existed. However, he is unable to reverse the process and create matter from void. Thus, we conclude that the application of matter can produce void but void cannot produce matter.
Since void is the absence of matter and energy, we cannot study void but we can study matter and energy. There is no available method by which we can measure how much void is in a certain space, while we can perform all the possible calculations on matter and energy. Consequently, void is only a term coined by man to describe what happens when there is no matter and energy present in space. Since void does not exist without the presence of matter, this implies that matter and energy always existed; it exists at the present time, and will continue to exist for ever.
From this line of logic, it is possible to understand how our universe or any other universe was formed. Interaction between the elements of matter can create galaxies, stars, and planets simply by application of the laws of physics, chemistry, thermodynamics, electromagnetism, gravitational forces etc. They are the “universe DNA” which performs the process of creating a universe.
It seems everything that exists in our universe has a life span. It ranges from few seconds to billions of years. Man experiences the birth and death of living forms on Earth every day. He also has evidence from satellites revealing the death of stars and galaxies and the birth of new stars and galaxies. This is taking place while our universe is still in existence. The first thinking man appeared on planet Earth after the solar system was in existence for 4.6 billion years. When our Sun dies and disintegrates, modern man will no longer exist on planet Earth. It is quite possible that a new star will be born with intelligent life on one of its planets who will wonder where this universe came from. This may happen while our universe is still in existence.
If we assume that whatever applies at the micro level also applies at the macro, then our universe itself has a limited life span. As matter and energy always existed in the infinite spaces, these spaces contain billions of universes. Some are disintegrating while others are born (why our universe should be a special case?) As energy connects everything that exists in our universe (stars to stars, stars to galactic cores, galaxies to galaxies, and black holes to black holes), logic dictates that all exiting universes are also interconnected by energy. If a universe supplies more energy to neighboring universes than it receives, this universe will expand and ultimately it will join other universes overloading them with energy. I believe this is what is happening to our present universe because it is expanding. This does not mean that an expanding universe will not receive within its boundaries stars from other neighboring expanding universes.
However, if a universe receives more energy from neighboring universes than it transmits, this universe will be overloaded beyond its physical limits and it will close on itself. Black holes will start the process of consuming their respective galaxy and then consuming each other until all the matter of the universe will end up in either one or many unstable huge black holes with gigantic amounts of energy and matter. These Big Bang black holes, because they cannot maintain their equilibrium and stability, will explode releasing matter and energy back into their space. The released elements will recombine to form new universes and the cycle goes on. This process constitutes a complete closed loop. It is to be noted that when a Big Bang black hole explodes, it will create its own space to form its own universe. This implies that the space which a universe occupies is finite while the void in which all the universes exist is infinite.
In conclusion, I believe that our universe was created from the matter and energy that always existed in space. It is possible that this hypothesis may unify different opinions with regards to the origin of our universe especially if there are stars older than our own Big Bang universe.1 Their origin could be from an older neighboring expanding universe.
ADDENDUM
There are many cosmological theories through history. It started with Brahmanda “Cosmic Egg” Universe around 15th-12th Century B.C, and then followed by Anaxagorian Universe in the 5th Century B.C. and so on until our present day theories such as the BBBH Universe, Multiverse, and Quantum Virtual Particles Universe. These theories are an outstanding mosaic of human brain analysis. Every time a cosmological theory hits the scientific world, questions pop up: what was before or from where it came?
All the cosmological theories admit that our universe and all its contents exist. Let us observe the space, in which our universe exists, when we strip it from its contents and send them to a BBBH. The anticipated results are as follows:
What about the BBBH that was created? There are two possibilities:
REFERENCE
By Suhail Jalbout
The greatest mystery that provokes thought in mankind is the origin of our universe. For thousands of years philosophers and scientists have tried to find an answer to this conundrum but without unanimity of opinions. The most prevailing cosmological description for the origin of our universe is the Big Bang theory. However, it not clear as to how the Big Bang black hole (BBBH) came about initially nor the origin of its contents. Matter and energy must have existed prior to the formation of the BBBH otherwise it could not exist.
I believe that the initial step to understanding the origin of our universe commences by answering this question: does void exist? The answer is mandatory to figure out what existed before the universe was there. If space (where a universe forms) was empty, then where did matter and energy come from? How can nothingness produce a universe? On the other hand, if matter and energy existed in the space, then it is possible for a universe to be created.
Man created vacuum. This was performed in laboratories, in the production of equipment used in different applications, and in manufactured consumable items such as incandescent light bulbs. He was able to perform these tasks only because matter (material) existed. However, he is unable to reverse the process and create matter from void. Thus, we conclude that the application of matter can produce void but void cannot produce matter.
Since void is the absence of matter and energy, we cannot study void but we can study matter and energy. There is no available method by which we can measure how much void is in a certain space, while we can perform all the possible calculations on matter and energy. Consequently, void is only a term coined by man to describe what happens when there is no matter and energy present in space. Since void does not exist without the presence of matter, this implies that matter and energy always existed; it exists at the present time, and will continue to exist for ever.
From this line of logic, it is possible to understand how our universe or any other universe was formed. Interaction between the elements of matter can create galaxies, stars, and planets simply by application of the laws of physics, chemistry, thermodynamics, electromagnetism, gravitational forces etc. They are the “universe DNA” which performs the process of creating a universe.
It seems everything that exists in our universe has a life span. It ranges from few seconds to billions of years. Man experiences the birth and death of living forms on Earth every day. He also has evidence from satellites revealing the death of stars and galaxies and the birth of new stars and galaxies. This is taking place while our universe is still in existence. The first thinking man appeared on planet Earth after the solar system was in existence for 4.6 billion years. When our Sun dies and disintegrates, modern man will no longer exist on planet Earth. It is quite possible that a new star will be born with intelligent life on one of its planets who will wonder where this universe came from. This may happen while our universe is still in existence.
If we assume that whatever applies at the micro level also applies at the macro, then our universe itself has a limited life span. As matter and energy always existed in the infinite spaces, these spaces contain billions of universes. Some are disintegrating while others are born (why our universe should be a special case?) As energy connects everything that exists in our universe (stars to stars, stars to galactic cores, galaxies to galaxies, and black holes to black holes), logic dictates that all exiting universes are also interconnected by energy. If a universe supplies more energy to neighboring universes than it receives, this universe will expand and ultimately it will join other universes overloading them with energy. I believe this is what is happening to our present universe because it is expanding. This does not mean that an expanding universe will not receive within its boundaries stars from other neighboring expanding universes.
However, if a universe receives more energy from neighboring universes than it transmits, this universe will be overloaded beyond its physical limits and it will close on itself. Black holes will start the process of consuming their respective galaxy and then consuming each other until all the matter of the universe will end up in either one or many unstable huge black holes with gigantic amounts of energy and matter. These Big Bang black holes, because they cannot maintain their equilibrium and stability, will explode releasing matter and energy back into their space. The released elements will recombine to form new universes and the cycle goes on. This process constitutes a complete closed loop. It is to be noted that when a Big Bang black hole explodes, it will create its own space to form its own universe. This implies that the space which a universe occupies is finite while the void in which all the universes exist is infinite.
In conclusion, I believe that our universe was created from the matter and energy that always existed in space. It is possible that this hypothesis may unify different opinions with regards to the origin of our universe especially if there are stars older than our own Big Bang universe.1 Their origin could be from an older neighboring expanding universe.
ADDENDUM
There are many cosmological theories through history. It started with Brahmanda “Cosmic Egg” Universe around 15th-12th Century B.C, and then followed by Anaxagorian Universe in the 5th Century B.C. and so on until our present day theories such as the BBBH Universe, Multiverse, and Quantum Virtual Particles Universe. These theories are an outstanding mosaic of human brain analysis. Every time a cosmological theory hits the scientific world, questions pop up: what was before or from where it came?
All the cosmological theories admit that our universe and all its contents exist. Let us observe the space, in which our universe exists, when we strip it from its contents and send them to a BBBH. The anticipated results are as follows:
- 1. Remove everything that the naked eye can see. When an observer looks at the space with his naked eye he will find it very dark and void. Well this is not true. It is a “false void” No 1.
- 2. Remove all what we can see through a telescope. When an observer looks at the space using a telescope he will find the space is void. This is not true. It is a “false void” No 2.
- 3. Remove all what we can see under a microscope with magnification 1,000,000 times. When an observer looks at the space using a microscope he will find the space is void. This is not true. It is a “false void” No 3.
- 4. Remove all what we cannot see, due to limitations in manufacturing very powerful microscopes, but we can envisage their existence by theoretical microscopes (referring to quantum foam virtual particles that appear and disappear after infinitesimal fractions of a second and are quadrillions of times smaller than atomic nuclei). To an observer, the space is now completely void and it does not exist anymore, “real void”.
What about the BBBH that was created? There are two possibilities:
- Assume the contents of item 4 mentioned above remained in space and were not transferred to the BBBH. In this case the BBBH exists in “false void” No 3. Before the BBBH explodes or (have a massive expansion or evaporates) it is quite possible that “false void” No 3 creates its own universe in accordance with Hawking-Mlodinow (Grand Design, 2010) and Lawrence Krauss (A Universe from Nothing, 2012). But this should have happened eons ago assuming that “false void” No 3 can “stand alone”. In other words if “false void” No 3 can create a universe, then it should have been created from eternity with infinite age. This is not the case because the age of the oldest stars in our universe is only 13.8 b.y. while there are few which are older but not exceeding 14.5 b.y. This may indicate that “false void” No 3 is an integral part of existing universes and does not exist “standing alone”. Most probably quantum foam is an essential component needed to form a universe. Without its presence a universe cannot form.
- Assume it was possible to transfer all the contents of item 4 mentioned above. This means the BBBH exists in “real void” that does not create matter and energy from nothing because it does not exist. When the BBBH explodes, it creates its own space. One second later, the space will be filled with neutrons, protons, electrons, anti-matter, photons, neutrinos, and quantum foam. The space between these particles is “false void” No 3 while the space that contains the real and virtual particles is “false void” No 2. The process will then continue to form a complete universe. In conclusion, BBBHs form universes and universes form BBBHs. This means energy always existed and alternates between two forms because it can neither be created nor destroyed. Since energy and matter are interrelated, then matter always existed.
REFERENCE
- Google: “The greatest cosmic puzzle: astronomers find stars that appear older than the universe.” Ethan Siegel senior contributor